Leopard and human conflict in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Panther and human clash in India - Essay Example Following the extraordinary decrease of human exercises in the Chilla Range of Rajaji National Park in India, an exceptionally populated tiger animal groups is influencing the presence of panthers (Harihar, Pandav, and Goyal 1366). Consequently, the last raises motivation to examine a portion of the components of specialty dividing principally in the panther (jaguar pardus) possessed regions of India. In view of suspicions of researchers, they selected to investigate on the chance of a cover between the tiger and panthers species. Suppositions coordinated that ideal natural surroundings would now have tigers as the predominance consequently driving panthers to move to the outskirts of the secured zones (Harihar, Pandav, and Goyal 1365). Leopards’ infringement in the Indian ensured regions occupied by people is exceptionally rising and causing extraordinary impacts. Endeavors to limit the impacts of human â€wildlife struggle in the zone have demonstrated purposeless and it has gotten important to comprehend the instruments by which the contentions show up (Pradhan, Dar, Rather, Panwar and Pala, 916). The last is the best way to locate an enduring answer for the issue. Moreover, in a thickly populated state like India, secured territories are insignificant. For this situation, enormous carnivores are a lot of, in this manner, people use scenes as significant living spaces required for quality stream to happen between ensured regions. In addition, people in these scenes have household creatures, which show up as simple prey for the panthers that wander around. Thusly, panthers visit the ensured territories looking for prey, for example, animals and canines. In this manner, it is apparently extremely indispens able to deal with these ensured territories to benefit the human species (Athreya, Linnell, Krishnaswamy and Karanth, 2013). In India, wild felines, for example, panthers, tigers and lions when caught along human secured zones, don't confront deadly measures because of social affiliations however translocated to a faraway spot (Athreya, Odden Linnell, and

Division Of Labor in Modern Day

Division Of Labor in Modern Day Emile Durkheim was a humanist who spearheaded in the investigation of social request. He guessed how social orders kept up social request on mechanical and natural structures just as advances to industrialized society structure a crude one. In a crude society, individuals act and think the same due to a mechanical solidarity. Then again, a propelled society will have its kin in divisions of work where they are assigned and compensated in like manner. Both good and financial guidelines are fundamental all together for social request to exist and can be accomplished by setting up laws. The change, in this manner from a crude to a propelled society may cause an emergency which in the end stops upon development into a propelled society. Division of work has a significant task to carry out in the general public since it doesn't depend on arrangement of financial administrations just, yet in addition makes concordance between individuals. Financial experts would just glance at division of work as a way to expand creation albeit considerably more should be gotten from it in type of living in new and better conditions. This reality diverges from Marx hypothesis which looks downward on division of work as individualizing individuals and making imbalance in labor. The center head why division of work is fundamental is that people infer bliss in being allowed to have material thing and to look for them. This makes its impact to be on an individual level and dependent on ones mental loving. Specialization despite division of work makes a need in people to work on a common premise so they may expand the profits and subsequently expanded bliss. Instead of Marx hypotheses, private property won't accomplish a lot and he proposes a mutual setting. The utilization of Durkheims hypothesis on division of work might be of incredible incentive to current society. He utilizes logical techniques to clarify the source and advancement of an arranged society. This offered ascend to human science which imagines the general public as being made out of a few components which must act couple. Any place there is a typical belief system between individuals living respectively, they will in general have imaginative reasoning that can be useful to them. This functions admirably particularly in the event that they are incredible in numbers since they can generally bolster one another. Division of work has had a past filled with insurgency to what it is today. Part 5: The Increasing Preponderance of Organic Solidarity and its Consequences Durkheim, in his division of work hypothesis proposes a natural like solidarity. The nearness of laws to oversee and manage the general public in that solidarity is basic. In any case, what is amusing is that laws administering a general public are in some cases abusive and apply to explicit parts. The connections in a general public that would require corrective measures are not many contrasted with regions where state residential, legally binding and business laws may discover application. The solidarity that might be looked for by a typical cognizant society doesn't get the fullest articulation in law. Agreeable law doesn't meet the limit to empower social attachment to happen. There is have to discover connections that exist in spite of the fact that it has not been done already. Natural solidarity commitment to the general agreement of a general public should be concentrated in detail and saw so its application might be of advantage. An individual connection to a general public in reliant on various elements which incorporates powers and securities which thusly might be solid or frail. This anyway may not be a motivation behind why an individual may decide to stay in or leave a general public. A case in study is the conventional innate boss who got left by their adherents if there should arise an occurrence of misconception or distinction in sentiment. Under division of work, occasions are to some degree diverse since individuals will in general depend on one another to address their issues. A general public could never chance being disconnected from the remainder of humankind since what they need arrangements is gotten from the other society. A person in such a condition of separation may feel detached and upset. To counter this, a few clans have frameworks of joining new individuals into the general public by naturalization or reception. A genuine model is Romans who gave asylum to those vanquished during the war and thus the crude society developed. The received individual should assimilate the practices and convictions of this new society. Solidarity guarantees the individual sticks if and just if there is congruity and connections are kept up. There are different standards prohibiting acts in opposition to the estimations of the collectivity which are either positive or negative and may include such fields as religion, nationality, home life, work, conventions and sexual relations. Others have to do with individual direct and assets. Every one of these opinions has separate principle which may change after some time as per the general public and its degree of progression. In is eminent that a portion of the standards have starting point in the Ten Commandments or even in old developments like Greek and Romans. Ethics were significant and an allegation of inability to consent was culpable. For instance opinions managing sexual relations are culpable as per the Pentateuch and different sections in the Bible help this. Moreover, the Romans and Greeks also would characterize those demonstrations they regarded unethical and either fine or rebuff the wrongdoer. Numerous different human advancements like Egyptians and West African clans had approaches to rebuff violations submitted and in various manners. Every wrongdoing then again has diverse correctional estimates it pulled in. In religion, various restrictions, penances and ceremonies were seen to satisfy the gods. An individual inability to follow the standard could be esteemed an untouchable or even murdered. Extramarital perversion excessively had set down standards characterizing for instance the sort of typical connections and irregular ones. The guidelines and guidelines that existed now and then prior were not generally great as well as appropriate to each rising circumstance. Slaves for instance, in spite of being human, were avoided from equity whether they were against the general public laws on not. In numerous social orders, youngsters are dealt with uniquely in contrast to grown-ups and this can contribute their privileges being denied. Present day society has by and by developed thus has the guideline that should be set up. Be that as it may, what is apparent is that no new standards have been presented; just the force of their application has expanded. The zone of ward has additionally moved from the general society to be increasingly individual arranged. Religion has been the most unpredictable consider adding to contrasts public activity. Every religion has its own divinity and lifestyles which need not really fit in with others with the end goal for them to exist. Further, religion has seen individuals settle on decisions on where to live, who to connect with, dietary patterns, dressing and numerous other part of life. In crude social orders, such issues achieved numerous contentions but in present day society, they have declined because of rise of different angles and trains of life. Financial aspects, legislative issues and different sciences have driven individuals to separate among religion and public activity; these two used to be equal. Any issue would thus be able to be managed by the field it has a place. Conventions have too been a prevention as a result of the numerous and differing lessons from the precursors. Axioms which empowered or debilitated individuals in their undertakings despite everything have control over people groups life. They in reality made a seminar on which an individual needed to go for a mind-blowing duration. Contrasting one society with another is significant in order to gain proficiency with the best standards for the cutting edge ones. Division of work despite all movements in social orders has been cutting edge in characterizing if those social orders endure or die. It is the division of work that has gone about as a paste to stick people together and entire social orders all in all. Present day innovation and studies will help in learning the best types of social orders to keep up. Part 2: The Forced Division of Labor Presence of rules doesn't really mean amicability. It is similar guidelines that make it conceivable to have abhorrent in the public arena. For instance in a class was, division of work made clashes since those in the lower class may not be content with their offer and commitment. This reality differentiates in different creatures which paying little mind to their position despite everything keep up their group and work towards accomplishing objectives relegated to them without want to possess different components position or job. The situation is distinctive with regards to human culture as a result of aspirations and wants. Nobody can contend that they were bound for a specific sort of occupation or live. At the point when such inconveniences emerge it is then inescapable to change course and look for satisfaction somewhere else. Division of work as previously talked about is intended to create solidarity and since this can not be accomplished in instances of impersonation normal to people, change and alterations are important. A decent case was recorded among plebeians and patricians where division of work existed. Sooner, the plebeians started to emulate the high society and looked for similar jobs they had on the grounds that they had arrived at a point to see everybody in equivalent occasions. Clashes emerged coming about to a resolution that solidarity must be blemished for it to exist. An individual nature must be in agreement with every single social capacity inability to which division of work can not happen. This is accomplished by acknowledging various capacities each an individual has and the abilities they have. Yet at the same time there are a few people who set more significant standards past their capacities and in this manner bliss is to them comes simply in the wake of satisfying their fantasies. To such individuals, they ought to be made to comprehend that proportionality to ones methods is significant. Suddenness turns into a component of utilization in each social setting where solidarity is inferred. People should likewise be capable reject constrained work and no obstructions ought to frustrate their interest to fit in any position. Standing sys

Blog Archive Yale School of Management Essay Analysis, 20122013

Blog Archive Yale School of Management Essay Analysis, 2012â€"2013 The Yale School of Management (SOM) joins the brigade of MBA programs that are reducing the word count for their application essays this yearâ€" likely making things more difficult for candidates who strive to differentiate themselves. Last year, Yale gave candidates 1,600 words with which to impart qualitative informationâ€"that number is now just 1,350. This is not a huge difference, but every word counts. To ensure that you make the most of the school’s essay prompts, our analysis follows… This year’s application contains four essay questions. The first question has a maximum response length of 150 words; the other three have maximum response lengths of 300 words. Applicants must respond to all four questions. The questions are: 1. What prompted your decision to get an MBA? When did you realize that this was a step you wanted â€" or needed â€" to take? (150 words maximum) Yale makes a fair request here: explain why you want/need this degree. Do not let the 150-word limit intimidate you, thoughâ€"you can successfully describe the development of that need in a brief essay. But take care not to write something like “I have reached a ceiling, and an MBA is the next step. I need more training in marketing/finance/etc.” This kind of answer is too generic. To be effective, you will need to own your response. Consider launching into a narrative insteadâ€"make your essay personal. The school needs to “see” you in action to fully understand you as an individual and for you to stand out. Although you might want to connect some of Yale’s resources to specific elements of your need for an MBA, this is not mandatoryâ€"otherwise, the school would have asked, “Why Yale?” Still, you can tactfully identify some relevant offerings in your response. (By the way, note that our write-up for Essay 1 is exactly 150 words.)  2. Describe a difficult professional decision you had to make. What were the consequences, and what, if anything, did you learn? Would you make the same decision again? (300 words maximum) We usually tell candidates not to second-guess the admissions committee, but you can definitely disregard the “if anything” portion of this essay question, because you must show that you did indeed learn something from this difficult decision. In only 300 words, you will need to establish a very clear narrative that leads up to that tough decisionâ€"and make sure that the decision you describe was in fact a tough one to make. The reader must understand that you had an indisputable problem on your hands and had to weigh your options carefully. In your essay, take the reader through the decision-making process, discuss the possible outcomes and explicitly analyze the decision you ultimately made. Do not omit your analysis of the results and make sure to address whether you would choose today to pursue a different path. The admissions committee makes a point of asking this question specifically, so be sure to take it on and answer it directly. 3.  The Yale School of Management provides a leadership education characterized by broad-minded and intellectually curious students with diverse backgrounds, a distinctive integrated curriculum, connections to one of the great research universities in the world, and the broad reach of an innovative and expanding global network of top business schools. What will you contribute to the Yale SOM community, and how will being part of it help you extend your professional vision? (300 words maximum) The extended lead-up to this question is mostly irrelevant. You do not need to connect your intended contribution to the Yale community to intellectual curiosity, diversity, the integrated curriculum or any other facet of the MBA program mentioned in the question. Think of the first sentence here as a kind of mini commercial for the school and focus your energy instead on identifying what you have to offer in returnâ€"though, if you can make it work, you can certainly connect your contribution to any or all of these aspects. The core question here is “What will you contribute?” The school is not expecting anything specific from you, so do not try to figure out what it “wants” to hear. There is no “right” answer to this question. Think carefully about your distinctiveness, and keep in mind that what makes you distinct does not need to be personified by a singular standout achievement. In other words, do not worry that what you have to offer will not be “good enough” if you have not founded Facebook or won an Olympic medal. Ask yourself, “In what instances and in what ways have I contributed in the past?” This surprisingly simple question should unlock a few possible answers. Also, think about how you contribute through specific character traits, such as your sense of humor, your honesty, your dependability and so on. The key is showing not only that you understand your own abilities and strengths, but also that you know how you would apply them in the Yale SOM environment. You therefore need to be very clear and reveal knowledge of the Yale experience. Writing that you will apply your skills in the classroom or socially is not enough. You must explain that you can make unique contributions in specific classes, clubs, etc. Avoid just listing the names of several classes (or clubs, etc.) and instead demonstrate that you truly understand what each one offers and what you could bring to it to make it better. Doing so successfully requires research ofâ€"and hopefully some a priori experience withâ€"the school and its students, so this will be an important first step in writing this essay. 4.  What do you consider to be your most significant accomplishment? Why? (300 words maximum) In addition to creating a compelling narrative for this essay, you will need to choose the central story very carefully. Start by asking yourself what exactly you have already shared with the admissions committee through your other essays and the rest of your application materials. Make sure that you are offering the school something new about yourself in each essayâ€"not a new physical location or event, but a new skill, talent, personality trait, etc. A well-diversified package of essays will keep your admissions reader engaged by keeping him/her learning about you throughout your application. As you start writing this essay in particular, be careful not to brag. The school is less interested in the accomplishment itself and more interested in how you accomplished it and why you consider it your most significant one. Successfully conveying this information requires that you write a narrative about your experience, revealing any and all bumps and bruises you sustained along the wayâ€"after all, no great accomplishment is truly easy to reach. As you tell your story, emphasize your actions and let the story do the work for you. Finally, make sure to reflect on the experience. Yale asks you specifically “why” this accomplishment is so important to you, so dedicate a portion of your essay to the reasons behind your choice. If you are a reapplicant, you must answer three essay questions: Question 1., Question 4., and then a response to the question “What steps have you taken to improve your candidacy since your last application? (300 words maximum).” Whether you have improved your academic record, received a promotion, begun a new and exciting project, increased your community involvement or taken on a personal challenge of sorts, the key to success with this additional essay is conveying a very deliberate path of achievement. Yale wants to know that you have been actively striving to improve and that you have seized opportunities during the previous year to do so, because a Yale MBA is vital to you. The responses to this essay question will vary greatly from one candidate to the next, because each person’s needs and experiences differ. We are more than happy to provide one-on-one assistance with this highly personal essay to ensure that your efforts over the past year are presented in the best light possible. Share ThisTweet 2012-2013 MBA Essay Analysis Yale University (School of Management)

The Mediation Of Divorce Cases - 2120 Words

Mediation in divorce cases The court system is an unpleasant means of dispute resolution when it comes to divorce cases given the fact that children and property are usually involved. The stressful nature of the court is often traumatising for the parties involved. So, why bother go to court about who keeps the children or who gets the properties when this could easily be resolved with private mediation. This essay therefore focuses on the ways in which disputes in the family such as divorce cases can be resolved through the means of mediation, which is a type of alternative dispute resolution - resolving disputes without going to the court. The first section of this essay would give a brief overview of divorce.The second section would give detailed information of how mediation is used in divorce cases; focusing on its advantages and some disadvantages in terms of cost, communication, time and privacy. To conclude the essay, a brief summary of the topic would be given. Also included would be personal view points and opinions as to why mediation method should be applied in resolving divorce cases. A divorce is legally removing oneself from a marriage. Mediation is allowing a third party other than the parties in dispute to help resolve the dispute in question. In the early days, ‘getting married was not an easy process and getting out of one was even more difficult. Not until about 15 (fifteen) decades ago getting a divorce required an Act Parliament meaning divorceShow MoreRelatedDivorce Mediation And A Divorce Mediator1250 Words   |  5 PagesKeywords: Divorce mediator Broadrun VA, Divorce Mediation lawyer in Virginia, Business Disputes in Virginia, Business Litigation in Broadrun VA The Role of a Divorce Mediator in Broadrun, VA Although a judge and a divorce mediator in Broadrun, Virginia both have the ability to finalize a divorce case, the way they do so is quite different. The role of a divorce mediator in Broadrun, Virginia is more of a helping one. In contrast, the role of a judge is that of a decision-maker. In most instancesRead MoreThe Divorce Of Chicago Divorce1252 Words   |  6 PagesKeywords: Divorce mediator in Chicago, family mediator in Chicago, pre-decree divorce in Chicago, post-decree divorce mediation in Chicago Hiring a Divorce Mediator: A Cheaper Alternative to Chicago Divorce Court Resolving a case through the Chicago family court system is not only stressful, but also financially burdensome for the parties involved. In especially contested divorce cases, it is not unusual for attorneys’ fees and court costs to exceed $10,000. The parties in a divorce case may saveRead MoreNo Marriage Is Free Of Conflict1252 Words   |  6 Pagesimprovement in the relationship approximately 40 to 50 percent of first marriages and 60 percent of second marriages will end in separation or divorce in the United States (Hawkins Fackrell, 2009 p. 41). Before this process is final couples seeking a contested divorce should consider divorce mediation the most common dispute resolution. Divorce mediation is a process when divorcing couple sit down with the help of a third party known as a mediator. Mediators can be lawyers, mental health professionalsRead MoreA Brief Note On Virginia And Divorce Mediation1250 Words   |  5 PagesKeywords: Virginia divorce mediator, business litigation in Virginia, divorce mediation lawyer in Virginia, business disputes in Virginia What to Tell Your Virginia Divorce Mediator Attending divorce mediation is one of the best moves the parties involved in one of these stressful cases can make. During divorce mediation in Virginia, a neutral, called the mediator, will assist the parties with negotiating and creating an agreement to settle their case. The mediator does not decide any issues forRead MoreDivorce Mediation : Beverly Hills1062 Words   |  5 PagesKeywords: divorce mediation in Beverly Hills, CA; pre-marital counseling in Beverly Hills, CA; business relationship mediation in Beverly Hills, CA; family therapist in Beverly Hills, CA 250 words How Does Divorce Mediation in Beverly Hills, CA Save Money? There are multiple reasons that divorce mediation in Beverly Hills, California is a better alternative than going to court. For example, it is more private and less stressful than a family court trial. However, one of the greatest benefitsRead MoreLegal Decision Making And Parenting Time Mediation : Creating A Parenting Plan853 Words   |  4 Pagesin the tabloids) that present divorce as an ugly battle where nothing is under the belt and EVERYTHING is up for grabs. It leaves a lot of unhappy married couples terrified to take the next step by filing for divorce. In reality, divorce cases can be very difficult, but they don’t have to be. In fact, many who are considering divorce are turning to mediation in order to minimize the conflict associated with the process. Mediation can be particularly useful in cases where a couple is having difficultyRead MoreResume For A Business Partner1262 Words   |  6 PagesKeywords: partner disputes in Broad Run, VA; contract disputes in Broad Run, VA; family disputes mediation in Broad Run, VA; commercial mediation in Broad Run, VA How to Handle Partner Disputes in Broad Run, VA Partner disputes in Broad Run, Virginia occur when business partners cannot disagree as to how their business activities should proceed. For example, perhaps one partner wants to enter a major deal with another company and the other partner does not. Or, perhaps one partner wants to expandRead MoreFamily Law Essays1132 Words   |  5 Pagesachieving just outcomes for family/ effectiveness of legal and non-legal responses in achieving just outcomes for family members The family law act 1975 introduced major change to divorce law on 14 grounds of infidelity, cruelty and desertion. In 1975 saw a major reform in family law, as the family law act introduced no fault divorce meaning that neither party were to blame for the breakdown of the marriage. One party had to tell the other and separate for a period of 12 months, then apply for an applicationRead MoreQuestions On Divorce Mediation Process1628 Words   |  7 PagesIn this response, I will overview divorce mediation, sessions, agreements, issues, plans, budgeting, child support, spousal support, and some financial issues all in one paragraph. The article itself discuss more in depth than I would go over. I would like to briefly discuss the importance that stood out to me in these following topics listed above. However, all of these topics are very important but however, I can’t possible explain in depth all topics. In these next few paragraphs, I will provideRead MoreSurrogacy Adoptions S hould Be Legal1259 Words   |  6 PagesKeywords: surrogacy adoptions Madison ID, business startup process in Bonneville ID, commercial litigation in Fremont ID, divorce mediator in Idaho Falls Starting a Family with Surrogacy Adoptions in Madison, ID In today’s world, there are a number of ways a couple may start a family. Traditionally, the only options were natural conception or adoption. However, parents may now start a family using surrogacy adoptions in Madison, Idaho. Surrogacy adoptions in Madison, Idaho provide a number of benefits

Honesty Is The Best Policy - 1135 Words

Benjamin Franklin, of one-hundred-dollar bill fame, once said that â€Å"honesty is the best policy† (Franklin). This seems like a good thing, however if you use the common definition of honesty, of never telling a lie, then I would disagree with dear Ben, honesty is not the best policy. If I had to create my own definition of honesty to replace the common definition, I would say that to be honest, would be to stay true. True to others, true to the world, and true to yourself. To get to how I came up with this definition we have to go back to the common definition of honesty, which is not to tell lies. Back when I was a much younger version of myself, in about 2nd grade or so, I remember telling outrageous lies, lies that are completely impossible for an adult to achieve, much less a meager 2nd grader. I remember a time when one of the other kids said that they have three dogs, and then someone else said that they had four dogs, which was more than I had ever had, so I said that I had five dogs, because having more dogs makes me cool, right? Well someone else said that they had more animals, and someone else said they had even more animals, and then someone said that they have some exotic animals, and it ended up with a table of 2nd graders who owned more animals than were in the entire state of North Carolina and somehow kept them contained in suburban homes hidden away from the ASPCA. I believe I ended up having an entire zoo stored somewhere in my closet, just behind myShow MoreRelatedHonesty Is the Best Policy843 Words   |  4 PagesHONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY Honesty, the quality of being honest, is a value which can be defined in multiple ways. In the context of human communication, people are generally said to be honest when they tell the truth to the best of their knowledge and do not hide what they know or think. Apart from being truthful, honesty is also generally thought to involve abstaining from unfair behavior, such as stealing or cheating on a test. It is the quality to tell the truth when it is not easy to tell. Read MoreHonesty Is The Best Policy Essay1987 Words   |  8 PagesHonesty is the Best Policy Yuki Toda The Honest Woodcutter, is one of Aesop’s Fables. It tells a story where a woodcutter drops his axe into a river by accident. Because this is his only means of livelihood, he sits and weeps. A Goddess takes pity on this man, and dives into the river returning with a golden axe. She asks amicably, â€Å"is this what you have lost?† The man answers it is not, and gives the Goddess the same answer when she returns with a silver axe. He only claims the axe when she returnsRead MoreWhy Is Honesty Is The Best Policy?4551 Words   |  19 Pagesimportance of the statement that honesty is the best policy. Yet we often see stories in the news about politicians and other public figures deceiving others. In this three-credit independent study, Odell Tamir Armwood will look for instances in which public figures have betrayed public trust. Moreover, he will attempt to identify how they attempted to justify what they did and the consequences of their actions. Also, he will be expected to include thoughts on why honesty is, after all, important. Read MoreChristian View of Statment Honesty is the Best Policy Essay587 Words   |  3 PagesChristian View of Statment Honesty is the Best Policy This essay will discuss whether honesty is the best policy. It is written through the eyes of a Christian, and will often refer to the Bible. The essay will bring up biblical matters, and also issues that affect the lives of others and ourselves, that relate to honesty. Being honest has many benefits. In the Bible, it states many times that honest people are blessed for example Psalm 112. The Bible also states that when a manRead MoreCore Issues in Ethics and Honesty1659 Words   |  7 Pages I believe in honesty. Webster’s Dictionary says that the definition of honesty is freedom from deceit or fraud. I believe that being honest all the time will never require you to lie. Honesty shows that you are genuine and transparent in your actions. I believe when speaking the truth you will never be â€Å"caught in a lie†. When you are an honest person, people trust you and when people trust you, you earn others respect. I believe that if you are honest you will be a much happier person and you willRead MoreHonesty, Honesty And Honesty772 Words   |  4 Pages Honesty, honesty, honesty. That’s all we, as evolving adolescents in society, hear from our parents, teachers, and coaches. The demonstration of honesty among all people of all ages, simultaneous along with the performance of integrity, compassion, and other powerful traits, is one of the most influential and difficult Laws of Life to endure. Mahatma Gandhi put this into words wonderfully, suggesting th at, â€Å"It is difficult, but not impossible, to conduct strictly honest business.† The Laws ofRead MoreAcademic Honesty - Essay 31242 Words   |  5 PagesIn reading and researching the topic of academic honesty and integrity I have found that there are varying views on what is considered cheating, and that cheating occurs in all academic levels and fields of study. Interestingly business students do not believe that cheating is as serious as students in other fields. I also found that there are many parties that are responsible for teaching students why academic honesty and integrity are so important. The key to teaching this important value is toRead MoreThe Importance Of Academic Honesty812 Words   |  4 PagesBauer Academic Honesty What is academic integrity and why is it important? What is academic integrity? Having integrity means doing the right thing, even when no one is looking. It means upholding the academic honesty policies set forth by the University and the Bauer College. It means doing your own work even if your friend offers you help on a take-home exam. It means writing your own papers and properly citing your resources. It means taking an online quiz without the help from your textbooksRead MorePolicies: Lets Tell the Truth653 Words   |  3 Pages INTRODUCTION: Should we tell the truth or not? Within the text that question will be answered. Some people believe that honesty is the best policy, but is that really true? I have done a lot of research and found out what is really right to do. As you may know, in the Bible it says to tell the truth, but how come no one obeys this rule. It is even one of the ten commandments â€Å"thou shall not lie†! Have you ever lied about someone or something in your life? I know I have. Did you also know thatRead MoreThe Greatest Communicator Of All Time Is God901 Words   |  4 Pagesact as a positioning mechanism to direct us in building and maintain relationships by thinking and acting like as He would. Honesty and integrity are essential to all communication, primarily communication of performance measures in the workplace. It sets the stage for trust and success in business. The Bible unveils fundamental principles to communicating with honesty and integrity, even in the face of adversity. Ideological practices to ensure managers are honest and truthful in measuring performance

Assessment Is A Large Part Of Every Classroom - 969 Words

Assessment is a large part of every classroom. In order to gauge student understanding, assessments are required in the classroom. They can range in complexity from a simple exit ticket or traditional formal assessment. Using a variety of assessment types is important to give students a multitude of ways to show their learning. Teachers need to be cognizant of their students, and assessments provide the means to understand students better. I have used many different assessments. A primary focus of mine is making sure students have the best opportunity to show they have learned. Students with test anxiety may not be able to show me how much they learned in the way a project could. On a daily basis, I use informal assessments. There are as simple as asking students to explain a concept just discussed, asking for an exit ticket to end the class, and asking students if they have questions during an assignment or lesson. At the beginning of lessons, I like to ask students to remind us of the day before to make sure they understand the connection from day to day. Throughout the class I will conduct brief, informal assessments, written or verbal, to make sure students are grasping the new ideas. Formal assessments become much more involved when considering all that needs to be gauged. Formal assessments for me are categorized as anything I â€Å"grade.† These follow my informal assessments throughout lessons. For example, my students just finished learning about expository styleShow MoreRelatedThe School s Positive Relations944 Words   |  4 PagesIn terms of resources in my past, current, and future classrooms, I find the school’s positive relations amongst the teachers and faculty is a key resource for the success and growth of the students. I know that without my mentor and department during my first year as a teacher, I would have struggled with assessing my students past the typical â€Å"exit slip† or â€Å"summarized† that is requi red by our district to be part of the lesson. Fortunately, I was a long-term substitute for a full year and thenRead MoreImportance of Educational Assessment Tools Essay567 Words   |  3 PagesAs a first year classroom teacher, I witness a range of inconsistencies with the testing data. As educators, we have persistent questions as why we do what we do. From classroom instructional strategies and assessments to positive behavior and classroom management; the more we reflect and question instructional decisions that are taking place within our classroom, school, and county. The No Child Left Behind Act is a legislation that is a reality all over the nation. According to Spellings (2007)Read MoreMy Teaching Strategy For Students1394 Words   |  6 PagesDuring my three years in the classroom, I have observed that all children are unique and are unique learners. Although some may categorize children into auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learners, I believe that there is much more to a child learning than placing each child under a specific category. Part of my job as a teacher is to discover throughout the year how each individual student learns best. Part of my teaching strategy for my students includes using not only cooperative learning activitiesRead MoreReflection923 Words   |  4 PagesIn my time as a student at Winthrop University I have been a part of many different experiences that have molded me into the future educator that I hope to become. Some of the biggest experiences that have helped shape me are my class time in CRTW 201, my class t ime in EDUC 220, and my time teaching private lessons with the Clover High School Band Program. Each of these experiences has played a large role in helping me become the teacher I am today and the teacher that I aspire to be. The firstRead MoreEssay about Technology in Education817 Words   |  4 PagesSoftware to support Assessment Since the beginning of the evolution of technology, the way that people think and learn seems to have evolved simultaneously. Children understand technology at a much younger age and many times are called upon to help older generations use new technologies. Technology has become a large part of education in the last fifty years. Assessment software and technologies are available for almost every educator. However many teachers do not utilize Assessment software as intendedRead MoreEvaluation Of A Future Elementary Educator1361 Words   |  6 Pageselementary educator, I know that there are various methods for assessing students. In my opinion, assessment should vary depending on the age group being assessed. Students throughout elementary school learn in different ways and develop different levels of thinking as their learning progresses. A kindergarten student does not learn material in the same manner as a fifth grader; therefore, assessments should fit the objectives and goal s of the students and also project their level of thinking andRead MoreThe Function Of Education Is The Goal Of True Education1423 Words   |  6 Pageseffective and ethical decisions. The significance of SEL continues to grow in the context of policy debates concerning school improvement and individual student achievement. A review found that SEL programs improved students’ performance in the classroom, not just their emotional performance. Specifically, they found an increase of 11% to 17% in test scores (1). SEL has just recently made it into mainstream educational curriculum, but at many schools, including Stevenson, they haven t found an efficientRead MoreAssessment Of The Kindergarten Classroom : An Empirical Study Of Teachers Assessment Approaches1593 Words   |  7 Pages Assessment in the Kindergarten Classroom For many years, educators have been challenged in their efforts to assess kindergarten children using a variety of strategies. Tests and other types of assessments designed for kindergarten children are not the same as those intended for children in later grades in elementary school. Today, kindergarten teachers face the challenge of balancing traditional developmental programming with the academically oriented curriculum that is currently required. TheRead MoreEvaluation Of An Pre Assessment849 Words   |  4 PagesAssessments: Pre Assessment- The pre assessment will be the list of characteristic that describe them as well as the statements that they have heard people say about themselves or others, that they would consider predigest or a stereotype. This will not be graded but will help the teacher see where student misconception is. Formative Assessment- The Formative assessment will be the Venn diagram created on day two of the lesson. The diagrams will be graded based on the placement of characteristicRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Standardization1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe large change for standardization began with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2001. According to professors of education Delilah David, Ingrid Haynes, Bernnell M. 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Cuba The Plight Of A Nation And free essay sample

Cuba: The Plight Of A Nation And Its Revolution Essay, Research Paper Cuba: The Plight of a Nation and its Revolution While the isle of Cuba was ab initio discovered on October 27, 1492 during one of Columbus? first ocean trips, it wasn? Ts really claimed by Spain until the 16th century. However, it? s disruptive beginnings as a Spanish sugar settlement provides an insightful background into the really kernel of the state? s political and economic agitation. From it? s early radical yearss to the insurrectionary challenge of the Marxist-leninist theories emerged the totalitarian government under Fidel Castro in present twenty-four hours Cuba. Cuban colonial society was distinguished by the features of colonial societies in general, viz. a graded, inegalitarian category system ; a ill differentiated agricultural economic system ; a dominant political category made up of colonial officers, the clergy, and the armed forces ; an exclusionary and elitist instruction system controlled by the clergy ; and a permeant spiritual system.1 Cuba? s agricultural monocultural character, economically dependent upon sugar cultivation, production and export badly restricted its possible for growing as a state, thereby steadfastly engrafting its freshly sprouted roots steadfastly in the trenches of poorness from the really beginning of the state? s being. In 1868, Cuba entered in to The Ten Old ages? War against Spain in a battle for independency, but to no help. Ten old ages of acrimonious and destructive struggle ensued, but the end of independency was non achieved. Political divisions among patriot forces, personal wrangles among rebel military leaders, and the failure of the Rebels to derive the backup of the United States, coupled with stiff opposition from Spain and the Cubans? inability to transport the war in earnest to the western states, produced a military deadlock in the concluding stages.2 The war had a annihilating consequence on an already weak economic and political substructure. The licking, nevertheless, did non impede the declaration of the Cuban labor for an independent state. In the words of one writer, The Cubans? ability to pay a dearly-won, drawn-out battle against Spain demonstrated that proindependence sentiment was strong and could be manifested militarily. On the other manus, before any attempt to end Spanish control could win, differences over bondage, political organisation, leading, and military scheme had to be resolved. In short, the really inconclusiveness of the war left a experiencing that the Cubans could and would restart their battle until their legitimate political aims of independency and sovereignty were attained.3 The old ages following the Ten Old ages? War were rough and severe. The countryside, ravaged and abandon, bankrupted Spanish sugar involvements in Cuba, virtually destructing the industry. The Spanish proprietors sold out to North American involvements, a procedure accelerated by the concluding abolishment of bondage in Cuba in 1886.4 The terminal of bondage, of course, meant the terminal of free labour. The sugar agriculturists, hence, began to import machinery from the United States. Basically, Cuba deferred its economic dependance from Spain straight to the U.S. What became known as the American Sugar Refining Company supplied from 70 to ninety per centum of all sugar consumed by the United States, therefore mandating the way of the Cuban agricultural industry and thereby commanding its economic system. Furthermore, the United States? interventionism in the Cuban-Spanish war in 1898, motivated chiefly by involvements in the Cuban market, led the resignation of the Spanish ground forces straight to the United States, non Cuba. This war subsequently became known as the Spanish-American War. The leader and organiser of the Cuban Revolutionary Party, Jose Marti? s, end of true independency was buried without award in 1898.5 In the old ages from 1902 to 1959, following the establishment of the Platt Amendment, which was an amendment to the Cuban fundamental law, that stated that the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba at any clip, a period which came to be termed the? Pseudo Republic? ensued. In the words of General Wood: Of class, Cuba has been left with small or no independency by the Platt Amendment # 8230 ; The Cuban Government can non come in into certain pacts without our consent, nor unafraid loans above certain bounds, and it must keep the healthful conditions that have been indicated. With the control that we have over Cuba, a control which, without uncertainty, will shortly turn her into our ownership, shortly we will practically command the sugar market in the universe. I believe that it is a really desirable acquisition for the United States. The island will bit by bit be? Americanized, ? and in the due class we will hold one of the most rich and desirable ownerships bing in the full universe # 8230 ; 6 The Great Depression nevertheless, had a huge impact on United States? retentions of the Cuban sugar industry. In the summer and autumn of 1920 when the monetary value of sugar fell from 22 cents a lb to three cents a lb, Cubans were left poorness stricken and starvation, as their sugar market was wholly dependent upon the United States. Additionally, America began to withdraw itself from the strangulating clasp it had over the Cuban economic system by immensely decreasing the sum of its imports from 40 per centum in old old ages to eighteen per centum. In the aftermath of this monolithic pecuniary pull-out, a vacuity formed in which a fundamentally leaderless Cuba ( its current leader, President Machado, had lost the ability to regulate after his promise of ? repose of the authorities and the state? had non been delivered ) became mature for extremist pupil rebellions and the debut of Marxist thoughts. Thus was formed the Cuban Communist Party, led by Julio Mella and Carlos Balino, the former an 18 twelvemonth old university hoops participant and the latter, a seasoned socialist and companion of Jose Marti. In 1933, President Roosevelt sent Cuban embassador, Sumner Wells, to Havana in an effort to halt the? political vortex in which an estimated $ 1,500,000,000 in U.S. investings was likely to submerge? .7 Welles proposed the assignment of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, former Cuban embassador to Washington, as president. Shortly thenceforth, leaders of a extremist pupil organisation? transformed their rebellion into a rebellion? , and informed President Cespedes that he had been deposed. Cespedes abandoned the presidential castle as inconspicuously as he had arrived.8 From 1930 to 1935, Antonio Guiteras led the island on a? radical way? and formed a authorities that was? for the people, but non by the people or of the people? 9, which the U.S. refused to acknowledge. In 1935 Guiteras was assassinated by Fulgencio Batista who proceeded to run Cuban personal businesss for the following decennary. It was a authorities that the United States recognized as the? merely legitimate authorization on the island? .10 Then in 1944, Batista, the? American favorite? , lost the presidential election to Grau San Martin, who had late returned from expatriate. The Grau presidential term has been described as such: The Autentico disposals of Grau ( 1944-1948 ) and Prio ( 1948-52 ) had failed to control the political corruptness and the associated gangster force ; more significantly they had failed to satisfy popular aspirations for independency and societal advancement. here were still riotous protests against U.S. control and development of the Cuban economic system ; and when Prio agreed to direct Cuban military personnels to back up the U.S. invasion of Korea in 1950, the offer was backed by a successful run around the motto, ? No cannon fresh fish for Yankee imperialists? . The general political instability, the turning unpopularity of the Autenticos, the rampant corruptness and force # 8211 ; all were once more puting the scene for political upheaval.11 On January 1, 1959 unable to defy the load of both a politically and economically neglecting state, and under force per unit area from the Cuban Communist Party led by Fidel Castro and his Marxist-leninist radical followings, Batista fled Cuba. Paradoxically, the dislocation of the autocratic government in Cuba illustrates the breakability of presumptively dependable clientelistic agreements, in so far as these can non replace for strong cardinal authority.12 Foreign investing in the economic system was significant one time once more in the late fiftiess, with U.S. capital dominant in the agricultural sectors.13 Having gained a significant sum of support from the Cuban people, Fidel Castro was quick to travel into power as the state? s most outstanding leader. Shortly thenceforth, Castro allied his state with the Soviet Union and denounced the United States as an imperialistic and capitalist aggression. In kernel, the U.S.S.R. became Cuba? s new? line of life? . Naturally, the Cuban relationship with the Soviet Union made for inevitable tensenesss with its neighbor.14 The United States? belief that the? Cuban leader had allowed his state to go a Soviet orbiter, and that Castro? s government might bring forth a batch of revolutions throughout Latin America? 15 led straight to the Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961, a failed effort to subvert Castro. The Bay of Pigs invasion combined with the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 sufficiently set the phase for the present twenty-four hours political tensenesss between the United States and Cuba. Due to the isolationist temper in the United States in the old ages following the failed Cuban Missile Crisis and so the Vietnam War, Fidel Castro was free to lift to power and make the communist island he so urgently endeavored to accomplish. Without the U.S. to interfere, Castro could be likened to a? child in a confect shop? . Because Cuba had historically ever been in political convulsion, it was non hard for Castro, for all his appeal and personal appeal, to win the popular ballot of the people. Traditionally, in a state every bit oppressed as Cuba had been, citizens tend to fall easy quarry to totalitarian or autocratic regulation due to their demand to be led by a authorities, any authorities, that may perchance ease any sort of economic growing. The terminal of the Cold War, nevertheless, left Cuba isolated when it lost its Soviet Patron.16 It has been argued that there are two schools of idea on how to cover with Castro in the station Cold War epoch: One school, championed chiefly by the exiled Cuban community and Senate Foreign Relations Chairman Jesse Helms, wanted a full tribunal imperativeness to convey Castro down. They assumed farther economic want would force the Cuban people to lift up and free themselves of the Castro absolutism at last. The United States, with new Torahs punishing states, corporations, or individuals making concern with Cuba, would oblige the international community to articulation in the choking. This scheme received no international support. The 2nd school wanted to wheedle Cuba out of its shell without seeking to subvert Castro. For all his ferociousness and repression, Castro provided instruction, occupations, wellness attention, and equality for Cuban? s larg e lower category, many of whom are of African descent. They appreciated it so, and some still support Castro now. With the sudden terminal of Soviet subsidies ( estimated at $ 5 billion a twelvemonth ) , Cuban life conditions went from bad to worse. From 1990 to 1993, Cuba? s GDP declined by 40 per centum. Many Cubans went hungry. Castro, reading the despairing temper of the multitudes, discovered his nearing obsolescence and gave indicants that he might reform. The Cuban people, hankering for reform, began to hope for a new day.17 It is apparent that the political temperament of the state, as in most states, has been influenced by its economic position which, for Cuba, dates back to the 16th century. Cuba? s predicament as a 3rd universe state is straight kindred to its historical inability to interrupt away from its dependance on a individual export economic system. This fact, confounded by that of other, larger states functioning merely their ain national involvements by promoting this type of economic system, has held Cuba in ironss of need for decennaries. Cuba does, nevertheless, despite its low domestic life criterions, have extended overseas committednesss. The inquiry has been raised so, as to why Cuba, with such a limited domestic resource base, would spread out its abroad civilian and military commitments.18 A peculiarly feasible account could be viewed as the followers: The Cuban authorities asserts that it aids other Third World states because it is committed to internationalist solidarity. While official positions may hide underlying motivations, if the island chiefly supports abroad activities for moral and ideological grounds, Cuban should have no regular British pound pro for its aid, and it should restrict its assistance to ideologically sympathetic states. If Cuba additions materially from its engagement, the benefits should be minor and they should hold been unforeseen at the clip the assistance was extended. The island should put on the line having no economic pay-offs # 8230 ; The Castro government has a long history of helping radical and national release motions, and the authoritiess to which they hold given rise, perchance because its ain societal transmutation depended on the aid of other socialist states. yet its individuality with progressive, anti-imperialist provinces has non been contingent on the acceptance of a Marxist-leninist theoretical account or rank in the socialist camp.19 Why would Castro travel to all the problem so, when his ain people were hungering in the streets? Possibly it was merely due to the fact that Third World states viewed Cuba as helpful and influential and that abroad activities have enhanced the island? s stature in the lupus erythematosus developed universe. Apparently, this theory would impart support to the banal images of ? strength in Numberss? or the? large fish in a small pool? platitudes. This is, of class, theory nevertheless, and non fact. Despite these and many other inquiries which could be asked of Castro? s regulating manner, there are, in fact, many positive transmutations that the socialist leader has brought about for his state. Though unlike most other socialist states, Cuba has been noted for its far-reaching societal and economic equality that has resulted from the Cuban Revolution. Additionally, Cuba, by no means a affluent state, has achieved a certain sum of important success in the countries of instruction, wellness attention and its economic system in comparing to the Cuba of old ages by. However, even a really favourable reading of these constructions would hold to indicate out their restrictions ( and one should non disregard the significance of their formal similarity to Soviet constructions ) . Organized resistance is non allowed # 8230 ; .the Cuban authorities would non digest attempts to set up an independent brotherhood motion, and there is no inquiry of via media on the political hegemony of the Cuban Communist Party.20 Soon, tensenesss between Cuba and the United States, nevertheless, are still high as the U.S. continues to keep its policy of diplomatic and economic isolation. It has been noted that: # 8230 ; .years after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the terminal of the Cold War, Cuba continues to command the attending of U.S. policymakers. Although Russia and the former eastern axis states have undergone widespread democratic and free-market economic reform, Cuba remains one of the lone Communist absolutisms in the universe. Removing Castro from power and implementing reform in Cuba are top U.S. foreign policy precedences, but lawgivers disagree on the best class of action. While some argue that the U.S. trade trade stoppage has proved uneffective and inhumane, others respond that the United States should go on to use force per unit area on Castro until he is toppled from power. As the lawgivers argument, the wretchedness in Cuba is declining, and some states are now get downing to fault U.S. policy. Time will state whether the United States continues its present class or revises a policy that is progressively unpopular with even its most loyal allies.21 Every now and once more Castro allows a melt in dealingss, but when the United States gets excessively friendly he arranges a aggravation, such as the drowning of two little planes piloted by Cuban expatriates in 1996, which led to the transition by the United States Congress of the Helms-Burton Act a month later.22 Soon, Cuba is in the procedure of developing an advanced telecommunications system with the aid of communist ally China. Cuba was visited late by Chinese delegate Wu Jichuan and Fidel Castro claims that dealingss between Cuba and China have neer been better. Additionally, Cuba is seeking to stop the 40-year United States trade trade stoppage against the island. Should this occur, it would greatly heighten the state? s presently drooping economic system. There is increasing force per unit area from United States concern and agricultural communities to get down brisk trade with Cuba and take advantage of a new and potentially extremely profitable market.23 If Cuba is successful at spread outing its monocultural economic system the state should see unusually auspicious consequences in the event of a lifting of the U.S. trade stoppage. More significantly, Castro would no longer hold an alibi for the lacks in the Cuban economic system. Additionally, lodging for Cubans, which is guaranteed in the fundamental law, or the recent deficiency thereof, has reached epidemic proportions in Havana, the island? s capital. Reportedly, the authorities admits the state does non hold about plenty edifice stuffs or manpower to give everyone the place they have been promised.24 For a socialist society dedicated to taking attention of its people, the state seems to hold fallen short in this sphere, every bit good. Another recent political Cuban event dominating most other of import Cuban political events, if merely due to the extended media coverage than the existent quality of newsworthy content, is the? tragicomedy? of the detention conflict of close Cuban deserter, Elian Gonzalez. In what should hold been nil more than an international detention conflict over the six twelvemonth old Cuban kid, an all out political conflict between the United States and Cuba ensued. In my sentiment, the incident had been apparently spawned chiefly from harbored bitterness by Cuban-Americans over the failed Bay of Pigs event, in add-on to their hatred of the autocratic leader. Again, they fought and lost to Castro. This clip, nevertheless, Fidel Castro was legitimate in his reproach and used the state of affairs to portray the United States in an highly unfavourable visible radiation. He succeeded, as the remainder of the universe looked on inquiring what all the ballyhoo was approximately. What is extraordinary about Fidel Castro, nevertheless, is that he is still here at all. More than 40 old ages after coming to power, he survives. He survives in the face of the unremitting ill will of a world power merely 90 stat mis off. He survives in malice of the fact that his chief frequenter, the Soviet Union, has disappeared, his political orientation, Marxist-Leninism, is discredited, and his economic system is less than perfect. Despite the fact that an excessive figure of common citizens prefer to opportunity decease at sea instead than stay in his state, Fidel survives.25 Notes 1Juan M. del Aguila, Cuba: Dilemmas of a Revolution ( Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. , 1984 ) , p. 9. 2Juan M. del Aguila, Cuba: Dilemmas of a Revolution ( Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. , 1984 ) , p. 12. 3Juan M. del Aguila, Cuba: Dilemmas of a Revolution ( Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. , 1984 ) , p. 13. 4Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 30. 5Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 37. 6Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 38. 7Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 44. 8Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 46. 9Terrance Cannon, Revolutionary Cuba ( Toronto: Fitzhenry A ; Whiteside Limited, 1981 ) , p. 46. 10Geoff St. simons, Cuba: From Conquistador to Castro ( New York: St. Martin? s Press, 1996 ) , p. 254. 11Geoff St. simons, Cuba: From Conquistador to Castro ( New York: St. Martin? s Press, 1996 ) , p. 257. 12Juan M. del Aguila, Cuba: Dilemmas of a Revolution ( Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. , 1984 ) , p. 38. 13Juan M. del Aguila, Cuba: Dilemmas of a Revolution ( Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. , 1984 ) , p. 40. 14Sandor Halebsky and John M. Kirk, Cuba: Twenty-five Old ages of Revolution, 1959 to 1984 ( New York: Praeger Publishers, 1985 ) , p. 358. 15Mark J. White, Missles in Cuba: Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro and the 1962 Crisis ( Chicago: Mark J. White, 1977 ) , p. 12. 16Michael G. Roskin and Nicholas O. Berry, The New World of International Relations ( New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. , 1999 ) , p. 190. 17Michael G. Roskin and Nicholas O. Berry, The New World of International Relations ( New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. , 1999 ) , p. 190. 18Sandor Halebsky and John M. Kirk, Cuba: Twenty-five Old ages of Revolution, 1959 to 1984 ( New York: Praeger Publishers, 1985 ) , p. 375. 19Sandor Halebsky and John M. Kirk, Cuba: Twenty-five Old ages of Revolution, 1959 to 1984 ( New York: Praeger Publishers, 1985 ) , p. 375. 20Sandor Halebsky and John M. Kirk, Cuba: Twenty-five Old ages of Revolution, 1959 to 1984 ( New York: Praeger Publishers, 1985 ) , p. 421. 21World Wide Web, U.S. Policy Towards Cuba, ( www.closeup.org/cuba, 1997 ) . 22World Wide Web, Boston Globe # 8211 ; CubaNet News, Inc. , ( www.cubanetnews.com, 2000 ) . 23World Wide Web, China Helps Cuba Get Current on Communications Technology, ( www.cubanetnews.com, 2000 ) . 24World Wide Web, Despite Guarantess, Homelessnes Creeps Into Cuba, ( www.cubanetnews.com, 2000 ) . 25World Wide Web, Government and Politics of Cuba, ( www.cubapolidata.com, 2000 ) .

The Concept of the Homeland Security After the September 11 Incident

Introduction Following the glaring terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the homeland security became a key national concern. Law enforcement bodies and their respective roles changed at the federal, state, and local levels. The United States’ Congress responded to the attacks by enacting the U.S.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Concept of the Homeland Security After the September 11 Incident specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patriot Act, which sought to restructure the federal, state, and local bureaucracies coupled with disseminating powers to law enforcement bodies across various agency departments (Davis 2010, 44). Even though most of the traditional security policies changed drastically, law enforcement personnel is yet to understand how to adapt to these new roles and powers towards curbing terrorism. In many respects, many people may perceive the Homeland Security as a recent policy a rea developed to react to the terrorist attacks of September 11. However, it is not a new idea since the U.S. government has been dealing with domestic invasions for a long time. In addition, much attention since the World War I has been given to safeguarding the home front from internal and external enemies. However, the concept of the homeland security shaped as an internal policy after the September 11 incident. Research question Several national intelligence issues continue to pose threat to the future of the Department of the Homeland Security (DHS) including strict bureaucratic structures, inadequate finances, lack of coordination, reluctance to share intelligence information, fragmentation as opposed to integration, and lack of accountability (Jenkins, Liepman, and Willis 2014, 19). In addressing these issues, this article will be answering the question on the challenges that the DHS will continue to face in the future. These areas will continue to pose challenges because the decision makers seem to be contented with the existing bureaucratic organization. Second, the same bureaucratic leadership is tasked with the allocation of finances meaning that considerable time will be wasted while trying to distribute funds to the security bodies. Furthermore, due to the bureaucratic systems, information sharing is highly restricted to a few people, thus leading to mistrust and further fragmentation of intelligence bodies (Goldstein 2013, 11).Advertising Looking for research paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Purpose statement The most prominent future intelligence challenges encountering the DHS are much attributable to the September 11 attacks. Most notably, the immediate response issued by the George Bush administration was an enforcement of strict bureaucratic systems across the national intelligence community. This approach did not solve the problem, but it created differences since many workers were demoralized due to working under highly bureaucratized structures. This system has been reflected in the current Obama administration not only in the security systems, but also in other departments that influence the performance of the security agencies. Currently, the process of recruitment, training, and firing of workers is strictly bureaucratized. For instance, the incumbent Secret Service Permanent Chief, Joseph Clancy, has often expressed his regrets over the complex system deterring him to take swift actions to security agents and other officers who engage in mischievous and unacceptable behaviors (Rogers 2014, 337). Following the intensive consultations in decision-making, achieving timely interventions has been in vain. In addition, lack of adequate finance has led to poor service delivery and yet the government looks reluctant to utilize soft power to mitigate this issue. Literature Review Even before the September 11 attacks, intelligence analysts had explored the risks and threats of terrorism in a bid to fill the gaps that persisted within the US security system (Hymans 2006, 457). The experts repeatedly identified the lack of cooperation and poor coordination as the eminent concern amongst the several bodies linked to the Homeland Security. Prior to these attacks, the law enforcement system was majorly divided and bureaucratized. For example, the CIA addressed foreign threats while the FBI handled internal threats. This fragmentation encouraged division and different versions of intelligence operations. In most cases, the National Security Agencies (NSA) dealt with similar problems, thus overlapping each other. Before the attacks, the US government lacked a clear framework for pulling its intelligence expertise together to offer protection against terrorism. Apparently, insufficient information sharing by key federal entities remains the primary indicator in the security gaps in the US.Advertising We will write a cus tom research paper sample on The Concept of the Homeland Security After the September 11 Incident specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the post-attack responses made it common knowledge that the U.S.s security efforts suffered poor coordination. This aspect led to the formation of the DHS to foster coordination among all security entities with a mission of preventing future attacks together with enhancing preparedness and response (Kamien 2006, 31). In a bid to mitigate the foreseen challenges facing the DHS and the American fraternity as a whole, this review will address various issues that are seen as weak ends destabilizing the homeland security framework. For instance, the bureaucratic system is still acting as a barrier to implement the recommended changes. The main national intelligence challenge facing the DHS is poor coordination and this aspect brings forth the possibility that attacks will continue to happen if not contr olled. Coordination does not only involve the intelligence entities, but it also extends to the Congress, which passes budgetary allocations coupled with enacting key security laws. The current workforce in the DHS is inadequately equipped in terms of resources, empowerment, and training. For example, after the September 19 2014 White House incident in which a man managed to jump over the White House fence, Cummiskey, a former DHS agent, argued that the security flaw was purely attributable to the lack of funds (Shear and Schmidt 2014). Further investigations backed this claim by showing that several agents on duty had no appropriate skills to handle the situation. In addition, the majority had no idea on how White House Communication radio operated under such circumstances. This assertion holds due to the lack of enough financial resources, which should not be a reason to expose prominent leaders such as the president to any sort of security threats. Despite the evident commitment and progress demonstrated amongst government agencies, this review notes that there has been lacking professional exchange of intelligence information amongst security agencies. Furthermore, military and law enforcement training is yet to upgrade to the standards of the 21st Century technology that can assist in promoting the US security level (Rychnovska 2014, 27). It is about 14 years down the line since the September 11 attacks, but the US government continues to delve into research and forums to develop strategies to enhance the homeland security. It has become increasingly evident that the U.S. security entities are suffering due to the lack of interconnectedness.Advertising Looking for research paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In light of this impasse, President Obama, in a directive to evaluate the DHS and its efforts towards counterterrorism, retaliated that the DHS is inseparable from other security agents and they should be functionally thought as a unit rather than separate entities (LaPira 2014, 230). Contrary, the federal state still faces conceptual and functional differences. This aspect has weakened integration, efficiency, and cohesive approaches that promote the national security since the bureaucratic system inhibits the formulation of ways that reflect this reality. In a bid to address the underlying mission of the homeland security, it is good to understand that the burgeoning campaign against terrorism is a multifaceted endeavor. The federal machinery has to deploy every tool at its disposal to wage this fight; for instance, international training, law enforcement, finance, diplomacy, as well as the new tools that are being invented. In this regard, it is noteworthy to review the works of Joseph Nye, viz. Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Soft power is a concept developed as an alternative to use of force, coercion, or monetary compensation to persuade others to adhere to what one wants (Nye 2004, 74). Nye (2004) had keenly observed how the American society was struggling with hard power, yet enemies were in a position to not only hit, but also hit hard regardless of the alleged preparedness of the US security agencies. Nye’s conviction of power as possessing the ability to lure others to get to the preferred destination is currently given a chance albeit in part by various security entities across the world (Nye 2004, 98). The US Congress has shown reluctance in allocating more money to cater for security matters. In the last decade, in spite of the security concerns, the budget allocation to ensure a more secure homeland has always fallen short. Consequently, planning and implementation have overlooked key security factors that gradually co ntinue to affect the homeland security negatively. The US government can adopt soft power and save chunks of taxpayers money used on hard power like the military. Soft power and hard power should be used alongside each other, but the former should be granted much attention in terms of implementation and financing. It is evident that soft power is hugely overlooked, and this aspect contributes partly to the current fall in the US power influence over the past five decades. The old image of the US as the representative of democracy and a symbol for others to emulate has declined dramatically. The use of hard power by the US has doubled the fear rather than instilling optimism. The US security entities have developed an old versioned tendency of using tactics employed in past wars to address current concerns. While there are positives to be drawn from history, facing the 21st Century terrorism requires a paradigm shift. Since the case is new, security agents should adapt quickly to new measures and act in new ways. So far, the existing partnerships encouraged by President Obama’s administration are yet to materialize, as there is still overlapping of critical roles by different intelligence partners. The CIA’s chronic failure prior to the September 11 attacks to inform partner agencies about the names of the alleged terrorists in the country enabled them to stay and orchestrate the attacks. Therefore, information- sharing continues to suffer from significant flaws. In order to learn from past events, it is necessary to change the bureaucracy that encourages information hoarding and empower experts to take full responsibility for their roles with less closed systems. This hindrance can be overcame by developing a paradigm shift whereby experts have the power to react to an urgent situation at best of their knowledge instead of waiting for commands from the top, which are time wasting and uninformed in most cases (Puyvelde 2013, 142). Despite the many advantages of soft power, it has some shortcomings. Americans are scientifically oriented, and thus they resist soft power because they find the design behind it difficult to trace and research. As a society, the US is used to quick answers and it seeks immediate satisfaction. Unfortunately, soft power is a long diplomatic investment with no assured outcomes. This aspect explains why the US government prefers hard power even though it is expensive. In addition, soft power is not purely owned by the government like the case with hard power. Many public and private entities engage in soft power, thus making it hard to collect information together. After evaluating the social learning theory, one is in a position to identify that not all cultures are receptive of other nations’ strategies and ideas (Lieven and Hulsman 2006, 61). In this regard, these theorists challenge soft power as not many cultures find the US values and ideologies admirable to follow. Therefore, there is a possibility that soft power can backfire especially when in control of the wrong people. Cultural exchanges have developed to serve as measures to control national security. Through cultural exchanges, different people are in a position to gain better understanding of others. Similarly, other individuals get the opportunity to acquire greater understanding of the US mainstream culture. For instance, some scholars attribute the fall of the Soviet Union to social exchanges gained after visiting the US the international relations theory advocates for multilateral relations between the state and non-state actors. Developing mutual understandings is one way through which the DHS can achieve its mission of ensuring security at both domestic and international levels. This theory further suggests that mutual relations are difficult since every state has its own ambitions and if they fail to reciprocate with those of the other state, then cooperation is not possible. So far, the Government A ccountability Office’s (GAO) appraisal of the federal government and its security agencies indicates that there has been positive progress yet not enough to guarantee sustainability. For example, in a report done on September 2013, GAO reported on the activities that DHS had taken in regard to the use of resources outside the US. The GAO established that the DHS had not identified strategic plans like target zones to combat crime and secure the US borders. The DHS also lacked mechanisms to capture resource deployment neither did it have a reliable cost data to make informed resource-allocation decisions. This aspect implies that the DHS is failing significantly in planning since it does not consider data monitoring and analysis on expenditure abroad. Without this data, it is hard to disseminate funds on future programs. In addition, this aspect manifests poor intelligence planning and data collection gaps, hence poor analysis. In a bid to avoid this issue, the DHS must inform its resource deployment outside the US as well as encourage screening. Theoretical analysis Following a review of the past literature, this theoretical approach seeks to test the hypothesis that poor gathering and utilization of intelligence data will continue to hinder the performance of the DHS in the future. Looking at the state of affairs in the US intelligence community, it is largely generalizable that the US law enforcement and intelligence bodies depict the overarching problems of coordination and sharing of intelligence information based on baseless assumptions. Although the US Congress and the Obama administration have shown efforts to eradicate some of the misunderstandings that hinder coordination, there is still no confidence in sharing of critical intelligence information. Nevertheless, the social learning theory offers an appropriate approach to learn the changing social context of the American Society as well as its potential enemies concerning the significance link ed to the national intelligence community. This theory claims that learning is a cognitive process that prevails in a social environment through provided directives or observation. In this case, according to the GAO, the US security services have shown the desire to learn through observation of past attacks, but that desire has been jeopardized by the slow rate of behavior change and adaptation to new trends in the management of security affairs. Some of the stringent measures adopted by the US Congress and the George Bush administration following the September 11 attacks have failed to impede security threats. Critiques posit that the bureaucratic measures have led to a string of security gaps even in the White House. To critics like Hummel, tight bureaucratic measures foster a circular sluggishness in decision-making. The policymakers have been reluctant to initiate a paradigm shift in security affairs. On the contrary, they keep on twisting old strategies to solve emergent proble ms. For instance, the DHS and the Secret Service require strong and flexible leadership, which is open to criticism and ready to share security information with relevant bodies. Working under strict bureaucracies is discouraging for workers and if it proves hard to avoid the protocols, then it is also difficult to enhance performance and coordination. Bureaucratic values discourage teamwork and decrease trust among security machinery, thus meaning that information sharing is minimal if any. This approach has proved inadequate particularly after the September 19, 2014 invasion of the White House by a stranger who managed to jump over the fence without being noticed. Models that influence leadership In a bid to understand the research on human intelligence, it is crucial to explore the triarchic theory of intelligence. In this theory, Sternberg defines human intelligence as mental activity focused on a specified goal and shaping of real world events influencing one’s life (Spar ks and Sulmasy 2006, 34). This assertion implies that intelligence entails how effective a person can handle changes occurring throughout life. His model entailed three components including problem solving, performance, and knowledge acquisition. The combination of all the three components completes tasks that entail selective choice of information from irrelevant sources or unforeseen events. In addition, these components assist in putting together the several pieces of information collected and analyzed to establish any possible cues. Different people have disparate abilities to learn new information depending on training. The DHS has expertise with the potential to utilize these three components fully and come up with useful intelligence information. The challenge comes in when experts seek to change the norms to suit the situation. The bureaucratic machine fails to acknowledge change from outside since all decisions come from the top. Even though the DHS is willing to adapt to n ew environments that contend with real world situations, the pace is too slow and it might keep on playing catch-ups with its enemies. The policy regime theory holds that in the policy world, major attacks are rare and in most cases, unpredictable, but they have huge effects. Unexpected external disruptions often influence routine policy goals and government activities. Policy theorists refer to these events as ‘shocker moments’ that force some drastic shifts in government concerns to issues that had for a long time been overlooked. The September 11 attack is an example of these trigger events. Such moment causes dramatic focus by government machinery, but the attention quickly fades away soon after. The issue may not be completely forgotten as it was the case before the attack, but it fails to keep the heightened concentration that was employed amid the attack. The government seems to assume that the adversaries disappear entirely, and thus get reluctant once again (Th achuk 2007, 71). Contrary to these views by the policy regime theorists, this paper affirms that government security agencies such as the DHS have enough intelligence to foresee attacks and neutralize them before they hit the targets. The fact that large-scale attacks are rare should provide enough time for the intelligence community to organize and identify all security loopholes that may be exploited by terrorist groups. In addition, the work of the DHS is to ensure security, and thus there should be heightened attention continuously irrespective of whether there is a looming attack or not. The government demand-oriented theories for interest representation argue that the government itself engages in activities that encourage groups to foster political action merely by orchestrating concerns that those groups will benefit. In other words, the government demand theory advocates the idea that groups as well as individuals react to policy agendas determined by only the government ins titutions. This theory fails to consider the efforts of non-governmental agencies. This aspect is reflected in the lack of cooperation as experienced by the US security agencies. This view is different from the Truman’s classic pluralist disturbance theory, which claimed that different groups, both governmental and non-governmental, should come together in response to some foreseen threats in the society. This aspect implies that problems outside and inside the government motivate like-minded people to respond cohesively to try to find a permanent solution. This model influences the leaders’ behavior as the government shows attention to factors that might affect a group like the DHS, and thus it is more likely that the DHS will work towards government objectives (Stana 2003, 84). When leaders in the DHS get financial support from the government, they feel obligated to perform effectively. Future threats to the homeland security Military researchers and defense technolo gists are recently exploring possible challenges that face not only the US, but also the entire global security. This review gives a forecast of four potential traditional and non-traditional security challenges that may catch the US unawares in the near future. This assertion holds because the pace of research is slow and it may not match that of the terrorists. First, there is the possibility that biological weapons will be used in large scale in a terrorist attack. In 2009, the White House came up with a National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats with an assumption that such weapons might be used for major attacks (Robinson, Xinsheng, Stoutenborough, and Vedlitz 2013, 715). With these insights, the US government has acted too slowly to identify ways to ensure that it can prevent deadly viruses from being used as weapons of mass destruction. Due to the lack of coordination and bureaucratic structures, it is hard to attain timely insight on possible attacks as well as taki ng swift measures in case one is detected. Since this phenomenon is new, researchers need to anticipate widely by closing all potential gaps that might be useful to terrorists. The second issue is the eminent threat of cyber-attacks. Cyber warfare is a traditional security threat to global peace that has persisted for years. Terrorist networks are using the same technologies that propel developments to sabotage the critical structures, which are necessary for public safety (Thachuk 2007, 99). The US intelligence community has embarked on cyber security activities to ensure timely fixes, but it is now evident that the sophistication of attacks is outdoing the available security measures. Therefore, solutions should surpass the traditional approach, which requires more funds to upgrade the system and catch up with the enemy. This assertion holds because in the near future, attacks on computer systems are about to cross the line from mere theft and disruption to serious terrorist attac ks. These attacks will be controlled remotely and devastating damages will occur if such circumstances happen. These postulations are within the realm of the possible given what has been witnessed when hackers overwhelm networks. The National Security Agency and the Cyber Command have a wide array of expertise, but they lack the commitment to share classified information. The private sector in most cases is not ready to reveal attacks for the fear of losing clients or facing lawsuits. The lack of enough network security personnel remains a concern in the private sector as well as the government (Sun 2008, 170). Therefore, it is time to create incentives and issue bonuses as a way of retaining and motivating experts. The third aspect is the existence of the transnational crime. The US intelligence community views transnational terror as a key global security challenge (Nakaya 2005, 93). These groups lead to instability and blackmail to governmental organizations through corruption. T hese groups are very well organized without strict bureaucratic systems. They generate funds through engaging in illicit activities such as human and drug trafficking. Much of the US efforts to counter terrorism have been concentrated in the Middle East, thus forgetting that al-Qaida sympathizers are located everywhere (Murray 2003, 66). The last aspect is the proliferation of nuclear weapons. For at least the past five decades, the US has spent huge sums of money and time trying to find, monitor, and impede all means through which they are developed. Non-state actors such as terrorist groups are hiding nuclear weapons deep in the ground. Finding and destroying these weapons has remained an increasingly complicated endeavor. Thus, the US government will need weapons that can unravel these mysteries. Due to lack of adequate finance and poor coordination, it will be hard for the US to destroy nuclear weapons in the possession of terrorist groups any time soon (Mullins 2010, 102). Find ings Based on the reviewed articles, there are clear signals that the frequency and intensity of attacks on the US and its allies will escalate. Since terrorism is a strategy that can be used by any enemy, the DHS must be ready to react to foreseeable and unforeseeable threats coming from expected as well as unfamiliar origins. As technology evolves and becomes readily available to a larger population of actors, potential attackers are motivated to use terrorism. This aspect has been attributable to the gaps left in the innovation of these technologies. For instance, computer manufacturers should redesign their products in a way that it is hard to manipulate its functioning to suit the terrorists’ desires. The movement of people across borders has also increased the ease of movement by terrorists. The Internet has served as a key platform for terrorist activities ranging from recruitment and training to planning and attacking. Of huge concern is the spread of religious radica lization, which is taking root in the Muslim society due to different reasons. These tensions have become widespread via the Internet even to countries like the US, which have a better understanding of the Muslim populations (Maxwell 2004, 94). Increased funding is now needed than ever to advance training and purchase sophisticated facilities because threats continue to evolve. The DHS must be in a stable financial state to cater for learning programs and ensure good pay for security agents to ensure that they are motivated to perform well (Marion and Cronin 2009, 22). The enemies are proactive, innovative, adequately funded, always learning, and adapting to the dynamics of a globalizing world. The DHS must be in a position to surpass the adversary tactics and reflect the evolving threat environment. The DHS has so far issued analysis of possible future occurrences, but it is yet to demonstrate its capabilities to counter those threats. Furthermore, effective collection and utilizat ion of intelligence data will only be achieved if the DHS is allocated enough money to cater for its extensive activities (Walker 2007, 74). The increase in funding should also target all avenues of international cooperation to bolster the existing and create new alliances to create and sustain international networks that embrace information sharing. The Sternberg’s intelligence theory helps in answering the research question as it shows what the DHS lacks and the consequences it has to face for its ignorance. For instance, Sternberg talks of divergent thinking, which is brought by activities like task switching and domineering management. The DHS must learn specific skills to help in coping with the ever-changing environment. Strategies to impede future threats The primary strategy is impudent leadership. Combining tools of soft power with selected hard power can transform the National Security apparatus greatly. Leadership is a common tool that the US has embraced for decad es. The question is how this leadership has influenced matters of national security. From previous reviews, it is evident that the American leadership both at home and abroad has suffered poor coordination, thus leaving gaps for terrorists to exploit. Adopting the soft power model brings forth leadership styles that mobilize people with an objective and the leader helps the people in attaining those shared targets. It is time for the US leadership system to abandon the hierarchical leadership pyramid and shift to what Nye (2004, 106) refers to as leading from the center of a circle. The current leadership model in the DHS is a rigid one because information flow is often slow from top to the bottom or from bottom to the top. In addition, information is subject to distortion amid intended or unintended additions and omissions. The second model is more flexible because leaders at the center of the circle find it easy to coordinate large groups via persuasion and influence. Leaders are in a position to link straight to the subordinates, and thus their influence is felt on a wide scope. In a fast globalizing world, the US should ensure that it encourages leadership from the center since it is the way to impertinent leadership. The former Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, echoed these sentiments by reaffirming the need to embrace civilian power in line with military power as essential pillars in enhancing global security. The role of international training and cultural exchanges by the DHS can be a starting point in a bid to make a huge effect on both national and global security by utilizing soft tools as opposed to hard power. Given that the homeland security has a direct link to the global community, embracing intercultural literacy is paramount. Leadership in the homeland security has to understand the dynamics of culture. This aspect can enable them to act as pioneers of transformational leadership that motivates individuals from various diverse origins to f ight global criminal cartels and ensure national security. These changes can only be possible if improvements are done on communication both within the DHS and within other agencies. Evidently, the homeland security has failed to speak a common language on various occasions, and thus increasing communication is necessary. Communication should not only focus on the security agencies, but also engage the public since security is everyone’s responsibility. The DHS should collaborate with learning institutions, media, and religious bodies to sensitize the public on terrorism. As the US adopts a new paradigm, civil rights and individual freedoms must be observed. Even though some risks have to be taken, this move will ensure that the process does not interfere with human dignity. The DHS in partnership with the media should embark on instilling trust in the public by keeping the society well informed with accurate and timely information (Caponi and Belmont 2015, 17). Conclusion Af ter the September 11 attacks, homeland security has gained national interests with key projects focused toward promoting the safety of the US citizens. This review has established that the US Homeland Security faces many conceptual, structural, organizational, and functional problems that are posing threats to security. A review of several cases shows that even the White House has become vulnerable to attacks due to poor coordination and training of security agents. These dysfunctions have been directly linked to the lack of enough funding and rigid leadership that discourages innovation as well as employee motivation. Cultural diversity has also been identified as a possible problem impeding interagency cooperation. Consequently, this paper has predicted various challenges that ought to face the DHS including cyber attacks, biological weapons, nuclear weapons, and transnational crimes. The DHS in partnership with other bodies of the intelligence community has a chance to prevent th ese attacks from happening. As indicated earlier, the application of soft power is a major way forward since it does away with bureaucratic systems, whilst keeping the critical values of that system. However, through proper coordination and information sharing amongst security agencies, the US will stand a better position to promote homeland security. Reference List Caponi, Steven, and Kate Belmont. 2015. â€Å"Maritime Cybersecurity: A Growing Threat Goes Unanswered.† Intellectual Property Technology Law Journal 27, no. 1 (January): 16-18. Davis, Lois. 2010. 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